Includes bibliographical references and index.

Accommodation -- Action potential -- Adrenaline -- Afferent tracts -- Age-related hearing loss -- Ageusia -- Agnosia -- Amblyopia -- American Sign Language -- Americans with Disabilities Act -- Amygdala -- Anesthesia -- Anophthalmia -- Amnosia -- Assistive technology -- Association for Chemoreception Sciences -- Astigmatism -- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder -- Auditory hallucinations -- Auditory processing disorder -- Auditory system -- Auditory tactile synesthesia -- Auditory threshold -- Aura -- Autonomic nervous system -- Axel, Richard -- Axon -- Balance -- Baroreceptors -- Bartoshuk, Linda -- Bell's Palsy -- Biettis Crystalline Dystrophy -- Bitter sensation -- Blind-spot -- Blindness -- Blink reflex -- Bowman's glands -- Braille -- Brain anatomy -- Brainstem -- Brainstem auditory evoked potentials -- Brodmann areas -- Buck, Linda -- Burning mouth syndrome -- Carotid body -- Cataracts -- Central nervous system -- Cerebral cortex -- Chemoreception -- Chorda tympani nerve -- Chromesthesia -- Chronoception -- Circadian rhythm -- Circumvallate papillae -- Cochlea -- Cochlear implants -- Color blindness -- Color perception -- Cone -- Dystrophy cones -- Congenital insensitivity to pain -- Consensual pupillary light reflex -- Cranial nerves -- Deafness -- Desensitization -- Diplopia -- Discriminative touch -- Dizziness -- Doppler effect -- Dysgeusia -- Dysosmia -- Ear protection -- Emesis -- Entorhinal cortex -- Excitation -- Exteroception -- Eye protection -- Facial nerve -- Fainting -- Familial dysautonomia -- Fovea centralis -- Free nerve endings -- Fungiform papillae -- Ganglia -- Glossopharyngeal nerve -- Golgi tendon organs -- G proteins -- Grapheme color synesthesia -- Heightened senses -- Homes-Adie Syndrome -- Homunculus -- Horner syndrome -- Hubel, David -- Hypergeusia -- Hyperopia -- Hypogeusia -- Inferior colliculus -- Inferior salivatory nucleus -- Inhibition -- Interoception -- Interrelatedness of taste and smell -- Keller, Helen -- Kluver Bucy syndrome -- Lexical gustatory synesthesia -- Limbic system -- Mechanoreceptors -- Meissner's corpuscles -- Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome -- Membrane potential: depolarization and hyperpolarization -- Menieres disease -- Merker cell -- Microphthalmia -- Mirror-touch synesthesia misophonia -- Mobius syndrome -- Mosquito machine -- Motion sickness -- Myasthenia gravis -- Myopia -- National Organization for Rare Disorders -- Nausea -- Nerves -- Neurological examination -- Neurologist -- Neuropil -- Nociception -- Nociceptors -- Noradrenaline -- Nystagmus -- Occipital lobe -- Ocular dominance columns -- Odor intensity scale -- Odor threshold -- Olfactory bulb -- Olfactory mucosa -- Olfactory nerve -- Olfactory reference syndrome -- Olfactory sensory neurons -- Olfactory system -- Optic nerve -- Optic nerve hypoplasia -- Orthostatic hypotension -- Otoacoustic emissions -- Otoliths -- Pacinian corpuscle -- Paresthesia -- Parietal lobe -- Perception -- Peripheral nervous system -- Peripheral neuropathy -- Phantom pain -- Phantosmia -- Pheromones -- Pregnancy and sense of smell -- Presbyopia -- Primary odors -- Proprioception -- Proprioception deficit disorders -- Ptosis -- Ramon y Cajal, Santiago -- Reflex -- Restless leg syndrome -- Retina -- Retinopathy -- Rods -- Saccades -- Saccule -- Sacks, Oliver wolf -- Salty sensation -- Satiety -- Seizures -- Semicircular canals -- Senses of animals -- Sensory deprivation -- Sensory receptors -- Society for Neuroscience -- Somatosensory cortex -- Somatosensory system -- Sound localization -- Sour sensation -- Spatial sequence synesthesia -- Stereocilia -- Stereopsis -- Strabismus -- Sullivan, Anne -- Superior colliculus -- Superior salivatory nucleus -- Supertaster -- Sweet sensation -- Synesthesia -- Taste aversion -- Taste bud -- Taste system -- Thalamus -- Thermal receptors -- Thermoreceptors -- Thirst -- 3D Movies and technology -- Tinnitus -- Tonotopic map -- Touch -- Trigeminal nerve -- Tunnel vision -- Type I taste cells -- Type II taste cells -- Type III taste cells -- Umami -- Utricle -- Vagus nerve -- Vestibular system -- Vestibulocochlear nerve -- Vibration system -- Visceral sensation -- Visual fields -- Visual motor system -- Visual perception -- Visual system -- Visual threshold -- Vomeronasal organ -- Wiesel, Torsten.

Understanding how the different sensory systems integrate information from the outside world to the brain for perception has been questioned at the studied since the time of the ancient Greeks. With today's new technologies and research, neuroscientist have uncovered many physiological mechanisms of the senses and have learned how some can be associated with neurological deficits or disorders. Research has also developed new treatments to alleviate sensory deficits and in some cases prevent further damage. Thus, the purpose of this encyclopedia is to provide a wine ranging reference of the five main sensory systems and is written at a level easily accessible for high school and college students as well as the layperson. The encyclopedia provides insights into the discipline of neuroscience, covering both normative and neurological disorders and factors that promote general nervous system health. By addressing both ends of the spectrum, the encyclopedia presents a more holistic and comprehensive perspective of the fast-growing discipline of neuroscience. This encyclopedia helps the reader understand how research is integral to understanding both normal and abnormal sensory function. This book contains more than 200 in trees and poles together topics that illuminate: the five basic senses and special senses; anatomy and physiology related to the senses; organizations and individuals important to sensory research. To help the reader understand the basics of the brain and sensory systems, there are entries about brain anatomy and physiology, as well as how neurons "talk" to each other in brain circuits to provide normal function. There are various entries that discuss abnormal or dysfunctional sensory systems, which may develop into disorders or diseases. Finally, selected entries include references to research designs and experimental procedures commonly used to study sensory systems with examples from current and relevant clinical research as well as short biographies of famous scientists who furthered the knowledge of neuroscience and neurology. All entries include cross references and further readings to aid in additional study.

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